David hume biography resumen de hamlet

Hume followed John Locke in rejecting the existence of innate ideas , concluding that all human knowledge derives solely from experience. Hume argued that inductive reasoning and belief in causality cannot be justified rationally; instead, they result from custom and mental habit. We never actually perceive that one event causes another but only experience the " constant conjunction " of events.

This problem of induction means that to draw any causal inferences from past experience, it is necessary to presuppose that the future will resemble the past; this metaphysical presupposition cannot itself be grounded in prior experience. An opponent of philosophical rationalists , Hume held that passions rather than reason govern human behaviour, famously proclaiming that " Reason is, and ought only to be the slave of the passions.

He maintained an early commitment to naturalistic explanations of moral phenomena and is usually accepted by historians of European philosophy to have first clearly expounded the is—ought problem , or the idea that a statement of fact alone can never give rise to a normative conclusion of what ought to be done. Hume denied that humans have an actual conception of the self, positing that we experience only a bundle of sensations , and that the self is nothing more than this bundle of perceptions connected by an association of ideas.

Hume's compatibilist theory of free will takes causal determinism as fully compatible with human freedom. Hume left a legacy that affected utilitarianism , logical positivism , the philosophy of science , early analytic philosophy , cognitive science , theology , and many other fields and thinkers. Immanuel Kant credited Hume as the inspiration that had awakened him from his "dogmatic slumbers.

Hume was born on 26 April , as David Home, in a tenement on the north side of Edinburgh 's Lawnmarket. Joseph died just after David's second birthday.

“ Had I been born to a small Estate in Scot¬ land of a hundred a Year,” he wrote in , “ I shoud have remaind at home all my Life, planted and improvd my.

Catherine, who never remarried, raised the two brothers and their sister on her own. Hume changed his family name's spelling in , as the surname 'Home' pronounced as 'Hume' was not well-known in England. Hume never married and lived partly at his Chirnside family home in Berwickshire, which had belonged to the family since the 16th century.

His finances as a young man were very "slender", as his family was not rich; as a younger son he had little patrimony to live on. Hume attended the University of Edinburgh at an unusually early age—either 12 or possibly as young as 10—at a time when 14 was the typical age.